The 9 Best Podcasts for Learning French in 2019

Analysis Of Gertrude Stein s I Ain t No Oxford

With so many rules in the English language, it is easy for one to wonder how they were created. The dictionary, for example, was only created a few hundred years ago by people who thought that was how language was supposed to be. Many artists have had the mission to go forward and break these â€Å"rules.† Gertrude Stein’s Tender Buttons, bill bissett’s â€Å"text bites,† and John Agard’s â€Å"I Ain’t No Oxford Don† question rules of grammar and synaptic normality. By the way, these poems disrupt words, use non-standard prose, and have ambiguous interpretations they break the rules of grammar and disrupt the formal laws of language, inducing new ways of about the how one produces meaning. Gertrude Stein was not always known as a writer. She became†¦show more content†¦A line just distinguishes it† (Stein, p.6). While asking what is the flattering length she ends up defining it by a line. A line can only be defined by a contour or outline. It cannot be defined by actual matter. Therefore, the serene length ends up being defined by not being able to be defined. This gives readers an unending openness to interpretation and perspective. In Gertrude Stein’s â€Å"Water Raining† she leaves the reader without any certainty. Stein writes â€Å"Water is astonishing and difficult altogether makes a meadow and a stroke† (Stein, p. 10). Without the use of punctuation, the reader is able to interrupt the poem according to how one sees fit. Placing a period after â€Å"astonishing† (Stein, p. 10) makes it so the meadow and stroke are strenuous on their own. A period after â€Å"altogether† (Stein, p. 10) leave the meadow and stroke to come as an aftermath from the water. While a period after â€Å"meadow† (Stein, p. 10) gives serenity a meadow will come from water but, a stroke is an afterthought. Stein was not the only one to use visual art to make literature. bill bis sett as a visual artist and writer links his worlds together. At first glance, bill bissett’s poetry seems to be hard to understand, nonsensical, and almost a fallacy. bissett’s use of synecdoche pushes the reader to reexamine how one reads a poem in the first place. The poem flows from whole to part. Particularly in text bites† the words come across

Felons Democracy and Equal Protection Clause Free Essays

Coleman Wahlborg Richard English IV, 1A 9 September 2011 Felons and Voting This year 5. 3 million people will be unable to vote not because they are mentally unable, not because they are underage, but because they are felons and ex-felons (Holding, 2006). Ex-felons are people who committed a felony and have served their punishment, dictated by the judiciary system, and are living in the community. We will write a custom essay sample on Felons: Democracy and Equal Protection Clause or any similar topic only for you Order Now When previous convicts are released from prison they are considered citizens again. Being a citizen, one is promised certain rights and responsibilities. As an ex felon one is a free citizen who can exercises the rights and responsibilities granted by the Constitution of the United States of America. Since former felons have earned their rights back shouldn’t this include voting? Whether ex-felons should be able to vote or not is a very popular issue among people. The two sides in the issue can be fairly biased. Some people might know felons that they think should be able to vote and others are on the other side of the argument. However, research says that there are several reasons why ex-felons should and shouldn’t be able to vote. The Fourteenth Amendment states, â€Å"no state shall make or enforce any law which shall abridge the privileges or the immunities of citizens in the United States. † This law sets forth that citizens have privileges and no one has the right to deprive citizens of these privileges. Current felons are not members of society, but previous felons’ civic rights are restored when they complete their sentence. Denying ex-felons the right to vote abolishes their rights (Krajick, 2004). Only two states allow current felons to vote, and ten states permanently prohibit former felons from voting (Zotti, 2000). This means that people who used poor judgment in the past, paid their debt to society, and were released from jail, are still being punished and shunned from being normal everyday citizens. Prohibiting ex-felon voting is not only a punishment to them, but also to society (Should felons be allowed to vote, 2008). The people of United States will be fortunate if 40% of eligible voters cast a ballot for the next presidential election (Holding, 2006). â€Å"Instead of prohibiting felon voting, we should require it† (Holding, 2006). We should be finding ways to get people to the polls, not keeping them away. Ex-felons who are going to return to their ways are not going to be interested in having a voice in the government. Individuals who are not already deterred from crime by the threat of confinement are not likely to be swayed by the prospect of losing their right to vote (Mauer, 2004). Individuals who have changed are the ones that want to vote, and the ones who have not changed will most likely wind up in the criminal justice system again â€Å"Voting is not a privilege; it is the basic right that defines a citizen. Those denied it are, in effect, stateless — people without a country† (Krajick, 2004). Voting is a right that defines a citizen in the since of when a person votes they are considered responsible and knowledgeable for not just complaining about the government but casting a vote to try to change things. When one does not vote, and is disconnected from the government in which they live, and they are stateless because they have no control over decisions that are made. The efforts to block ex-felons from voting makes those individuals feel more detached from society, which increases the chance that they will continue to break the law (Williams, 2010). Past felons feel they cannot get involved in their government because they are turned away, which essentially leads so many ex-felons to resort to their old ways. In 2000, the Alexander v. Mineta Supreme court case that dealt with the Equal Protection Clause came to the conclusion; â€Å"The Equal Protection Clause does not protect the right of all citizens to vote, but rather the right of all qualified citizens to vote. However, the Eighth Amendment prohibits excessive sanctions, and demands that punishment for crimes should be graduated and proportioned to the offense (Karlan, 2004). Therefore, felons who are released from jail have been punished for their crime; more punishment on their part is inhumane of society. The states that continue to exclude all felons permanently are outliers, within the United States and the world (Karlan, 2004). People who argue that ex felons should not have the right to vote believe that they have presented poor judgment and it is absurd to let them help in he choosing of our representatives (Carlson, 2006). This is agreeable to a certain extent, but when one takes a deeper look, the harsh answer is former convicts are stereotyped by most people. While these previous felons have presented poor judgment in the past, who is to say they will never change (Chapman, 2006)? The government lets ex-convicts marry, have children, drive and have the freedom of religion. In many places, the assumption is that ex-felons cannot be trusted to help choose our leader. If we thought criminals could never be reformed, we would never let them out in the first place (Chapman, 2006). There are many reasons why felons should be able to take place in the voting system; however there are reasons why they shouldn’t be able to. Felons become felons by presenting an act of poor judgment in most cases. Felons cannot vote for similar reasons that children can’t vote. â€Å"We don’t let children vote, for instance, or noncitizens, or the mentally incompetent. Why? Because we don’t trust them and their judgment. We have different reasons for not trusting them, but it seems to me that that is their common denominator† (Clegg, 2004). People who have committed crimes in their life have already shown us that they are not trustworthy people (Clegg, 2004). â€Å"And, as to equity, if you’re not willing to follow the rules yourself, you shouldn’t be able to make the rules for everyone else† (Clegg, 2004). Because voting determines in the long run who will make the rules for our country, there is no reason why the country should allow people who can’t follow the rules, vote on the rules. Now, I will freely concede that there are felons who ought to have their right to vote restored, but that should be done on a case-by-case basis, weighing (a) how serious the crime was, (b) how recently it was committed, (c) whether there has been a series/pattern of crimes, and (d) whether the individual has otherwise shown that he or she has turned his or her life around† (C legg, 2004). Clegg states that not all felons are in the same category. It is understandable that murderers should not be allowed to vote. On the other hand, some people really have gone through a long process to change their life around for the better. The right to vote is not granted to those under the age of eighteen. That age limitation demonstrates that voting rights may be restricted when there is reason to doubt the potential voter’s good judgment† (Latham, 2006). Latham shares similar ideas to Clegg on how the age limitation on voting and whether felons should be able to vote are connected due to prior judgment or lack there of. The interests of convicted felons might also differ from the primary interest of the American citizen body who want to be protected from criminals (Latham, 2006). A primary issue for the convicted felons as a whole is that 2/3 of felons released commit crimes within the next three years; not counting the ones that were not caught. Holding, Reynolds. â€Å"Why Can’t Felons Vote? – TIME. † Breaking News, Analysis, Politics, Blogs, News Photos, Video, Tech Reviews – TIME. com. 1 Nov. 2006. Web. 19 Oct. 2011. Krajick, Kevin. â€Å"Why Can’t Ex-Felons Vote? (washingtonpost. com). † Wahlborg 2 The Washington Post: National, World D. C. Area News and Headlines – The Washington Post. 18 Aug. 2004. Web. 19 Oct. 2011. http://www. washingtonpost. com/wp-dyn/articles/A9785- 2004Aug17. html How to cite Felons: Democracy and Equal Protection Clause, Papers

4Ps Marketing Mix Selling Proposition

Question: Discuss about the4Ps Marketing Mix for Selling Proposition. Answer: Introduction According to Bowman and Gatigton (2010), the concept of marketing mix refers to a combination of controllable tools of marketing that a business firm can utilize to promote the sales of its products in its target market. A marketing mix is crucial in the process of marketing because it captures and promotes the unique selling proposition of the involved product by differentiating it from its competitors. A marketing mix is divided into four categories of variables commonly referred to as the 4Ps. The 4Ps are the Product, Price, Place, and Promotion as shown in figure 1 below. Many business organizations incorporate the 4Ps in their marketing efforts to ensure that they reach their target markets successfully. In line with these aspects, this paper is going to examine the importance of 4P marketing mix in the marketing process using illustrations from the Samsung Electronics. Figure 1: Retrieved from, https://marketingmix.co.uk/ Importance of 4Ps marketing mix in the marketing process Product This refers to the tangible or intangible good that is being offered to the target consumers. The good or services that is offered to the consumers is vital in the marketing process because it what satisfies the needs of the consumers (Mahajan and Mahajan, 2015). In this regard, the product should be designed in such a manner that it meets the needs of the target market. Because of the heterogeneous characteristics of the target market, it is important that a business organization should offer a wide variety of products that meets the needs of the different categories of consumers in the target market. One example of a successful marketing process where different categories of products have been successfully offered to consumers is with Samsung Electronics (Bhasin, 2016). Samsung has a portfolio consisting of different products, for example, smartphones, household appliances such as fridges, home theaters, microwaves, televisions, and washing machines. These products are offered in d ifferent designs, variety, packages, and quality (Lancaster and Withey, 2007). The ability of Samsung to offer a wide variety of products to consumers has enabled the company to expand its market share. In addition to this, all the products are of this company are of high-quality, and therefore, the consumption of one product establishes customer loyalty. Winning the trust and loyalty of customers has facilitated the marketing process of Samsung products across the globe because retaining customers is easier that attracting new ones. Price This refers to the amount of cash at which the product is offered at to consumers. In the marketing process, the pricing strategy is critical in promoting the sales of a given product (Bowman and Gatigton, 2010). Pricing as a marketing mix involves the offering of discounts, credit terms, and providing of allowances to the target consumers. Current consumers are very sensitive to prices at which goods are offered, and therefore, it is necessary that a business firm should implement effective pricing strategies. Samsung has successfully used the pricing strategy as a marketing mix in its marketing process (Littleson, 2007). Samsung has successfully utilized the skimming pricing strategy to remain ahead of its competitors and to improve its sales volume and profit margin. Here, Samsung introduces high-value products such as Samsung Edge smartphone and sells them at high prices before they become obsolete. In addition to this Samsung also utilizes the competitive pricing strategy. Here it offers products for all categories of consumers, for example, are expensive products for the high class and cheaper products for the middle and lower class ((Bhasin, 2016)). Place This refers to the channels over which the product can be accessed by the consumers. The major objective of all businesses is to make profits through the sales of their products and to make sales, and hence, it is mandatory to reach the target consumers. The selection of the appropriate channel is critical because it determines whether the products offered will reach the intended market for the sales to take place. Some of the common channels of distribution include wholesale and retail outlets. In the modern technology-driven society, the Internet has also emerged as a major channel of distribution of products through online shops. In this regard, it is critical that business organizations should choose the most appropriate channels over which to offer their products to the target consumers. Samsung Electronics has effectively utilized place as a marketing mix in its marketing process (Bhasin, 2016). Samsung Electronics makes use of selective distribution intensity strategy to distr ibute its products to target consumers. The consumers can acquire this product from several but selected outlets such as Walmart stores, The Kroger Co., Costco, and The Home Depot (Burrows, 2008). There are also various intermediaries in the indirect marketing channel play different roles to bring value to customers. The agents contact the wholesalers regarding the availability of this product, and hence, enables the goods to move quickly from the manufacturers. Promotions Promotion refers to the strategies that are used to promote the product and persuade the target audience to purchase it. These include strategies for product promotion such as advertising and product promotion (Ritcher, 2012). Promotional efforts are aimed at presenting the features and benefits of the product involved so as to attract consumers. Samsung Electronics have successfully utilized promotion in its marketing process across the globe. This company has used a combination of both advertisement and product promotion to highlight the benefits of its products and to increase its sales volume (Bhasin, 2016). Samsung advertises its products over television and internet platforms developed and developing countries, and this has enabled it to expand its market share by reaching new consumers. For example, in the year 2014, Samsung expanded its market share by 5% in the Asian region through advertising and product promotion (Obhrai, 2015). Conclusion In summary, the marketing consists of four elements, product, price, place, and promotion. Marketing mix facilitates the planning and execution of a marketing plan, and hence, it influences an increase in demand for the involved product. A business that offers high-quality products succeeds in its marketing process. Effective pricing strategy also helps a business to make more sales. These have to be incorporated by the use of effective product promotion methods and appropriate channels to reach the target market. The incorporation of the marketing mix contributes to a successful business as demonstrated by Samsung Electronics. References List Bhasin, H. (2016). Marketing mix of Samsung 4P of Samsung. [Online]: Available at: https://www.marketing91.com/marketing-mix-of-samsung/ Bowman, D. Gatigton, H. (2010). Market Response and Marketing Mix Models: Trends and Research Opportunities. Hanover, MA: Now Publishers, Inc. Lancaster, G., Withey, F. (2007). Marketing fundamentals. Burlington, MA: Butterworth- Heinemann. Littleson, R. (2007). Supply chain trends: What's in, what's out. Manufacturing.net. Retrieved September 29 2016, from https://www.manufacturing.net/articles/2007/02/supply- chain-trends-whats-in-whats-out Mahajan, J. P. Mahajan, A. (2015). Marketing Management. New Delhi: Vikas Publishing House. Obhrai, P. (2015). Marketing Strategies of Samsung in India. International Journal of Research in Humanities Social Sciences, 3(6), PP. 46-52. Piercy, N. Evans, M. (2015). Managing marketing information. New York, NY: Routledge. Ritcher, T. (2012). International Marketing Mix Management: Theoretical Framework, Contingency and Empirical Findings from the World-Markets. Berlin: Logos Verlag Berlin GmbH.

Respiratory Diseases free essay sample

Respiratory disease is a medical term that encompasses pathological conditions affecting the organs and tissues that make gas exchange possible in higher organisms, and includes conditions of the upper respiratory tract, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, alveoli, pleura and pleural cavity, and the nerves and muscles of breathing. Respiratory diseases range from mild and self-limiting, such as the common cold, to life-threatening entities like bacterial pneumonia, pulmonary embolism, and lung cancer.The study of respiratory disease is known as pulmonology. A doctor who specializes in respiratory disease is known as a pulmonologist, a chest medicine specialist, a respiratory medicine specialist, a respirologist or a thoracic medicine specialist. Respiratory diseases can be classified in many different ways, including by the organ or tissue involved, by the type and pattern of associated signs and symptoms, or by the cause (etiology) of the disease. Inflammatory lung disease Characterised by a high neutrophil count, e. . asthma, cystic fibrosis, emphysema, chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder or acute respiratory distress syndrome. We will write a custom essay sample on Respiratory Diseases or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page [1] Allergic reactions due to exposure to certain agents (i. e. foods) are a relatively common cause of acute respiratory disease. Obstructive lung diseases Obstructive lung diseases are diseases of the lung where the airways (i. e. bronchi, bronchioles, alveoli) become reduced in volume or have free flow of gas impeded, making it more difficult to move air in and out of the lung.Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), which includes asthma an example of an obstructive lung disease, is where the airways become damaged, causing them to narrow. Restrictive lung diseases Restrictive lung diseases (also known as interstitial lung diseases) are a category of respiratory disease characterized by a loss of lung compliance,[2] causing incomplete lung expansion and increased lung stiffness. E. g. in infant respiratory distress syndrome (IRDS). Respiratory tract infections Infections can affect any part of the respiratory system.They are traditionally divided into upper respiratory tract infections and lower respiratory tract infections. Upper respiratory tract infection common cold however, sinusitis, tonsillitis,pharyngitis and laryngitis are Lower respiratory tract infection pneumonia, tuberculosis Diagnosis Respiratory diseases may be investigated by performing one or more of the following tests Chest x-ray Pulmonary function test Computed tomography scan Culture of microorganisms from secretions such as sputum Bronchoscopy Biopsy of the lung or pleuraVentilation perfusion scan Ultrasound scanning Epidemiology Respiratory di sease is a common and important cause of illness and death around the world. In the US, approximately 1 billion common colds occur each year. [5] In the UK, approximately 1 in 7 individuals are affected by some form of chronic lung disease, most commonly chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, which includes asthma, chronic bronchitis, and emphysema. [6] Respiratory diseases (including lung cancer) are responsible for over 10% of hospitalizations and over 16% of deaths in Canada

The 4 Types Of ACT Reading Passages You Should Know

The 4 Types Of ACT Reading Passages You Should Know SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips One of the nice things about the ACT is that it doesn't change all that much from test to test. This is especially true for the Reading section: Reading is always the third section of the ACT, there will always be passages on four subject areas, and each subject area will have 10 questions. So what are the 4 types of ACT Reading passages? Read on to find out! feature image credit: Four by Jukka Zitting, used under CC BY 2.0/Cropped from original. 4 Passages To Rule Them All The 4 types of passages on the ACT are always the same, and always presented in same order: 1. Prose Fiction/Literary Narrative, 2. Social Science, 3. Humanities, and 4. Natural Science. ACT, Inc. has an exhaustive list of all the topics that might be covered in each of these areas, but it's kind of overwhelming. To make it a little easier to understand what exactly is covered in each subject area, I've summarized each passage type, along with the questions that you’re likely to see on them, below. Prose Fiction/Literary Narrative These passages usually consist of excerpts from fiction or literary memoirs. You're likely to be asked... questions about the main theme questions about the narrator's tone and intent (e.g. what did the narrator mean when she used this particular phrase or word?) which questions are and are not answered by the passage Social Science These passages usually consist of straightforward discussions of topics in the social sciences, including areas like psychology (study of the mind), sociology (study of societies), and education. You're likely to be asked... to paraphrase how information from the passage describes subject of the passage which statements the author would agree with (that is, what's the main point of the passage) If the passage is about a particular person (like Harriet Tubman), there will often be questions about the passage subject’s point of view, rather than author’s point of view (in contrast with Prose Fiction/Literary Narrative or Humanities passages, which often deal with the author or narrator's points of view). Humanities These passages from can be from personal essays or memoirs, as well as on humanities subject areas like the arts, literature, media, or philosophy. Questions on Humanities passages are similar to Prose Fiction in that you're more likely to be asked about the tone or point of view of the passage or the narrator as compared to the Social Science or Natural Science passages. Natural Science These passages are nonfiction writing about SCIENCE. The topics can range from subjects that you've probably covered in school, like bio, chemistry, or physics, to more esoteric areas like astronomy, technology, or medicine (no paleontology yet, but I can always dream). You do not need a science background to understand the passages; all you need are solid reading comprehension skills. (The same is true of the ACT Science section). Becoming familiar with science writing, however, might make you feel less intimidated by these passages when you have to deal with them on the ACT. Similar to Social Science questions, Natural Science questions tend to be more focused on specific detail or statements that can be backed up with evidence from passage. A typical question you might see is "Which of the following statements is supported by the information in the fourth paragraph?" How Do I Know Where My Problems Are? So how do you know if you struggle with some passage types more than others? Follow these steps to find out your weaknesses. Step 1: Take a timed practice ACT test, in order, and score it. Because Reading appears third on the ACT, it's important to take it as part of an entire timed and in-order ACT. How your brain copes with the Reading section when you're just practicing reading passages and answering questions on them is very likely different than how it will do after it's been tired out by English and Math. Step 2: Compare your Social Studies/Sciences and Arts/Literature subscores. Your Social Studies/Sciences subscore is simply the combination of your scores on questions on Social Science and Natural Science passages, while your Arts/Literature subscore is the combination of your scores on questions on Prose Fiction/Literary Narrative/Humanities passages. Most official scoring charts will provide you with the information you'll need to calculate these subscores, which will be out of 20. You can even calculate them for yourself: your Arts/Litereature subscore = questions 1-10 + questions 21-30, while Social Studies/Sciences subscore = questions 11-20 + questions 31-40. Is there a significant difference between your Social Studies/Sciences and Arts/Literature subscores? More than a 1-2 point difference between subscores indicates a difference worth checking into. For instance, if you got a 12/20 Social Studies/Sciences subscore and a 17/20 Arts/Literature subscore, you definitely would want to focus your studying on Social Science and Natural Science passages. Step 3: For each of the four passage types, compare how many questions you answered incorrectly. Since there are 10 questions in each section, it's pretty easy to do percentages - 1 question wrong is 90%, 4 questions wrong is 60%, and so on. Comparing your scores on each of the passage types can be really illuminating, because it can shed light on areas you may not have realized you had issues with. Remember, it’s not just important that you’re comfortable with reading the passages: it’s important that you can successfully extract info from them to answer questions correctly. Example from my life: Prose Fiction passages are the least straightforward to read for me, but I find the questions on these types of passages the easiest because there are fewer concrete things to ask about (especially when compared to Social Science or Natural Science passages). When I did a timed practice Reading ACT, I got 1 wrong on Social Science and 2 wrong on Natural Sciences passages; if I were taking the test for real, I would start my studying by first focusing on Natural Science passages and then Social Science passages. Step 4: To be absolutely certain, take multiple timed ACT practice tests Sometimes, even if you normally do well on a passage type, a particularly difficult passage can throw you and cause you to get more questions wrong than you normally would in that area. If you think that might have been the case on the timed ACT practice test you took, and you have the time, do not hesitate to take another timed practice test. The more accurate data you have, the better you can structure your studying. Step 5: Once you know which passages you struggle with questions on, focus your reading preparation on those passages. While there are some questions that tend to appear more on some passage types than others (more on this in upcoming articles), most of the different types of questions can and will be asked about each of the four passage types. By focusing on the particular passage type you have trouble with, you'll both increase your skill at extracting information from passages you find challenging as well as familiarizing yourself with the different ways the ACT will question you (a skill which then will carry across all passage types). The detective by paurian, used under CC BY 2.0. Be a detective and hunt down your weakest ACT Reading passage types. What Do I Do Next? Now that you know about the 4 types of passages, learn more about how to do well on ACT Reading. Want more in depth information aboutwhat's actually tested onACT Reading? We have the article for you. Find out the best way to approach ACT Reading passages with our complete guide. Having problems with finishing the ACT Reading in time? Read our article for tips on how to avoid this dreadful fate. Aiming for a top score? Read about how you can get a 36 on ACT Reading. Want to improve your ACT score by 4 points? Check out our best-in-class online ACT prep program. We guarantee your money back if you don't improve your ACT score by 4 points or more. Our program is entirely online, and it customizes your prep program to your strengths and weaknesses. We also have expert instructors who can grade every one of your practice ACT essays, giving feedback on how to improve your score. Check out our 5-day free trial:

Coffee tree genome sequenced Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Coffee tree genome sequenced - Essay Example The accessibility of the absolute chloroplast genome enables an interagency spacer that can utilize genetic engineering that will improve the crop. I think the author of the article intends to report a complete sequence of the coffee chloroplast other than documenting the technological methods using new genome sequencing. The information will also compare genomic organization in lieu with phylogentic relationships of coffee with other angiosperms This article brings into focus the issue of DNA proteins in humans and genetic engineering. This is because the topic will tackle chloroplast genetic engineering of the chloroplast genome coffee. Samson et al. (342) state that coffee is one of the crucial cash crops in the world. The world consumes nearly 3 billion cups of coffee every day. The crop is second to oil in terms of foreign exchange value in many developing countries. Coffee belongs to the Rubicae family specifically of the angiosperms. The two species of coffea include Arabica and rubica . Worldwide, people use the former due to its quality and fragrance while it remains vulnerable to pest and diseases such as nematodes, coffee berry borers, fungus among others. Researchers reckon a need to improve coffee Arabica in terms of its resistance to pests like the coffea canephora that causes plenty of damage to the tree mortality and the coffee trees. Some researchers have managed to perform successful genetic coffee engineering. Some of the genetic engineering included the simultaneous cultivation of c. Arabica protoplasts in conjunction with different genes. I think the researchers acquired somatic embryos of c. Arabica through electroporation method that enabled them to combine other genes. I find that the researchers went ahead to try out different integrations in a bid to acquire a c. Arabica resistant type. It seems the efforts were in futility until they acquired

Discussion Forum Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Discussion Forum - Essay Example The advantages of working in a decentralized structure are that the system empowers employees. Having autonomy over your own decisions gives the person a feeling or sense of importance (Greiner, 1998). Also, working in a decentralized structure relieves the burden of decision making from one person to everybody else in the organization. Working in a centralized structure, on the other hand, allows fast execution of ideas. This is because decision making is left to one party, the overall head of the organization (Greiner, 1998). The difference in authority, responsibility and accountability between decentralized and centralized structures is that, in the latter, the names have individual significance instead of the decentralized structure where the phrases are more universal. By saying universal, this paper argues that authority, responsibility, and accountability are shared in decentralized structures (Greiner, 1998). Pain management documentation (PMD), comprising of assessment, interventions or intercessions, as well as reassessment, can assist provide a significant way of communication among health practitioners in order to individualize healthcare. Ordinary health institutions apply pain management documentation (PMD) as a vital pointer of quality (Samuels & Kritter, 2011). Implementation of the electronic medical record changes the presentation of PMD data for quality, as well as clinical evaluation use. Pain management documentation is frequently an objective evaluation of care given and can replicate clinical decisions. Documentation offers a key data source for knowledge creation and offers evidence required for practice liability. A majority of standard-setting institutions need PMD as a vital indicator of quality. By doing this, as earlier stated, practitioners will be able to individualize care, as well as communicate information necessary for stability (Samuels &

History musicMichael Jackson Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

History musicMichael Jackson - Essay Example He was won more than a dozen Grammys, had multiple albums go platinum, and made millions of dollars in sales and merchandising. However, there was more to the story than just a tale of success and wealth. Michael Jackson used his celebrity to draw attention to important issues that needed addressing, as well as, humanitarian and charitable causes worthwhile of being noticed. In this, Michael Jackson’s career transcended musical genres, he evolved himself and his music to the needs and causes that were relevant to the times. Michael Jackson was born in August of 1958. He was the 7th of 9 children. Raised in a large and musical family he became the headliner of the family’s musical group, â€Å"The Jackson Five.† Unfortunately, the experiences in the earliest years of his career were some of the most difficult. The group’s father was rather strict and difficult to please. Regardless the â€Å"Jackson Five† went on to great fame and the Jackson boys became a household name to fans all over (Rolling Stone 1). However, Michael’s greatest success would come when he began his solo career in the late 1970s. In the early 1980s the music produced by Wham and The Bangles were phasing the last of the Disco dance hits out. It was here that Michael Jackson fit in to the upbeat pop of the era. He released Thriller in 1982, which changed the way people perceived the potentials of music videos for generations to come (CNN 1).These songs reflected the more fun loving, almost decadent, times that defined the early 80s decade. The lyrics reflect the fun of dance and creativity. However, while life was good in the United States, other nations around the world were struggling just to survive. Michael Jackson co-wrote â€Å"We Are the World† in order to draw attention to the famine, disease, and suffering occurring in Africa (CNN 1). It was here that much of Jackson’s work began to reflect a message of universal unity and peace, ,making changes in one ’s self, and

Death of a Salesman by Arthur Miller

Death of a Salesman by Arthur Miller Death of a Salesman by Arthur Miller. Arthur Millers Death of a Salesman, written in the years following World War II (WWII), is widely considered to be among Americas most celebrated theatrical works. Willy Loman, the plays protagonist, is a salesman whose dwindling commission can no longer afford to maintain the lifestyle his family leads. As the plot unravels, what is revealed is a contrarian depiction of the American Dream, the notion that wealth, material comfort, and the happiness they supposedly provide can be attained with hard work. The play was massively popular because it shed light on what many Americans felt was an unrealistic pressure placed on their shoulders; rather than work to be happy, Americans were working to be financially wealthy. The discontent of Willy and his descent into darkness, both moral and mental, embodied the reality of the American middle class. Life in American pop culture was a saccharine, morally whitewashed stereotype, presenting expectations to which few could live up. Pressured to work and achieve the financial successes expected in a post-war society that covets monetary excess, Willy is slowly driven into a state of emotional and mental ruin. Essentially, Willy dies doing all the right things a typical American man in the Post-War Era ought to. Scholar Gerald Weales asserts that for Miller, Willys tragedy lies in the fat that he had an alternative he did not take, [and] having chosen the wrong star he reached fro it until he died of stretching. A significant part of the plays popularity is grounded in this clash of ideology the sparring concepts of American wealth and prosperity with individuality and reality. Terry Otten writes in Temptation of Innocence in the Dramas of Arthur Miller that Death of a Salesman, probably more than any other dramatic play, provokes critical [arguments] about the viability of tragedy in the modern age and particularly in American culture. Willys descent is found in all aspects of his life, from the stock character of the nuclear family to gainful employment and the desire to achieve and earn more in life. Members of his immediate family his wife, Linda, and his youngest son, Happy, in particular reinforce the notions that drive Willy into his state of despair. Ironically, Willy can never shake himself free of the shackles he fastens to his own life by holding onto the illusory notion that he can somehow become wealthy by simply living life the way he thinks it should be lived. He still looks up to Ben, an older relative who built his wealth off African diamond mines. The only Loman to leave material gain behind is Willys eldest son, Biff, who with his work in Texas represents the agrarian icon of American life glorified before financial gain dominated the cultural zeitgeist. Consequently, Willy looks down on him to a degree, concluding that Biff can never attain the dream in his current role. Ironically, Biff is perhaps the sole character in the play to accurately observe what happens to his father, and disillusioned by Willys state, decides to seek his own path to happiness and the American Dream. The concept of the dream is something that is debilitating to Willy; the more he pursues it, the further he descends, growing increasingly delusional in his encounters with his sons. His moral fiber, a concept valued possibly even more in Protestant America than money, wanes as he takes on a mistress despite his wifes devotion. In keeping with the concept of materialism eroding the human spirit and morality, Biff, the character least associated with Willys lifestyle, is the one to gain the most from Willys suicide, a path upon which the salesman ventured in order to provide his eldest son with a life insurance settlement. At the end of the play, it is revealed that Linda has made the final payments on the house she and Willy spent their lives paying off, stating that they are finally free. Arthur Millers story of the destruction of a middle class American worker follows the structure of a classic protest play, or a stage play with a social message. Dan Vogel writes on the complexity of Willys character and the plot at large, stating that despite Willys end, his story is not necessarily a tragedy since Death of a Salesman merely tells the story of a little man succumbing to his environment, rather than a great man destroyed through his greatness; there is no question of grandeur in such a tragedy. I. R. Choudhuri notes the irony of the American Dream is what draws its audience, stating that democracy proclaims the individual in society to be free, and American democracy, in addition, approves the myth of [Willys] infinite success and happiness; and yet, these same laws and social conventions constrain and frustrate him in what he has come to believe as the birth-right of a member of the greatest open society. For Choudhuri, Millers approach to the theme of the play is drawn through undistinguished citizens, everyman-type characters whose appeal to the typical American audience is in their mundane nature. Willys circumstances are not outlandish and fantastical. He is not a Danish prince avenging the death of his father, nor is he a Moor in Venice struggling against the machinations of a society that ostracizes him. Lomans downfall is perhaps the most appealing part of the play and the component of Millers work that made Death of a Salesman so popular. Willys demise is not something out of a fairy tale it is by his own hand metaphorically and in the end quite literally. Loman cuts himself off from any help he might get from his neighbor, his sons, and his wife; unsure even of his performance as a salesman should he act the rugged individualist or play at casual charm? Willy feels deeply guilty about his past performances as a breadwinner, father, and husband. The pressure placed on Willy warps the values of the family and leaves the protagonist unsure of his identity, which leads to his destruction and ultimately made the play palatable for an audience who may very well have been a collection of Lomans. BIBLIOGRAPHY Bigsby, C.W.E. (2000) Modern American Drama, 1945-2000. Cambridge: Cambridge U P. Bloom, Harold (ed). (1991) Willy Loman. New York: Chelsea House Publishers. Bloom, Harold (ed). (1996) Arthur Millers Death of a Salesman. New York: Chelsea House Publishers. Bloom, Harold (ed). (2000) Arthur Miller. Philadelphia: Chelsea House Publishers. McConachie, Bruce. (2003) American Theater in the Culture of the Cold War: Producing and Contesting Containment. Iowa City: U of Iowa P. Miller, Arthur. (2005) Death of a Salesman. New York: Penguin Books. Otten, Terry. (2002) Temptation of Innocence in the Dramas of Arthur Miller. Columbia: U of Missouri P.

Time Management Essay -- Lifestyle Living

'Things that matter most should never be at the mercy of thing that matter least'. We let this happen much too often. Many of us waste our time on things that are neither important nor necessary, instead of using that time for things that are significant. Time management is not only how to get more out of your time, but really how to become a better person. Time is a very hard thing to manage, because we can neither see it or feel it until it has passed. Before we can manage our time we must know exactly what time is. The dictionary describes it as, the duration of one's life; the hours and days which a person has at his disposal. How we dispose of that time is time management. It's the way we spend our time to organize and execute around our priorities. Remember just because time is intangible doesn't mean that it is not valuable. I want to teach you about the background of time management, the different styles and how to use them, and how it will change your life. Background Time management today is not as it was in the past. It has grown with time. Stephen R. Covey places time management into four generations. He feels it has evolved the same way society has. Each generation grows on the one before it. For example, the agriculture revolution was followed by the industrial revolution, which was then followed by the informational revolution. The first wave or generation is basically notes and checklist. Which really only identifies the demands placed on our time and energy. Calendars and appointment books characterize the second generation. This reflects an attempt to look ahead. The third generation is current time management field. It?s the last two generations with the ideas of prioritization, clarifying values, and comparing the worth of activities. It also includes the idea of making a specific plan to accomplish goals and activities that we determined to be of value. Because this all may be too restricting for people they turn to the previous genera tions to preserve relationships, and spontaneity. And the last generation, which is just beginning to emerge, is a different type of time management. The challenge is not to manage time, but to manage ourselves. The generation focuses on relationships and results. Time management is forever changing. We each see it in our own way. It has been used since the start of time and will only improve. Just beca... ...nd this style of time management to be the best. It incorporates the best of time management styles and combines them altogether in a very logical easy to understand manner. How Does It Change Your Life   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Learning how to manage your time and successfully applying it to your life will liberate you. Really, time is the freedom and power we need to better ourselves. Once time management has become a way of life you will find your self-living a more relaxed lifestyle. Your whole life will become less stressful. While some stress is useful, it can help in focusing and increasing efficiency; too much stress creates problems. In fact, 70% of medical visits are stress related. Time management may very well improve you health. It may improve your career by helping you to be able to plan the use of your time so that tasks can be completed in timely manner, and so time is available for planning, thinking, and reflection. It will indubitably better your social life by giving you more time to spend with loved one. Also it will give you more personal time to yourselves. Because we are managing such a precious commodity that is time, the way it effects ourselves is endless and pr iceless.

Engage in Personal Development in Health, Social Care or Children’s and Young Peoples Setting

As a childminder I have a duty to be registered and inspected with Ofsted. This ensures that I am working to the high quality and standard as required by Ofsted and the Early Years Foundation Stage. It is my duty is to ensure that I provide consistently high levels of childcare, within a safe, positive, warm and happy environment where children always feel welcome. I have a duty to plan supervised activities for the children, to enable them to learn and develop at their own pace within the EYFS as appropriate for their individual age groups.I am also responsible for completion of all relevant paperwork adhering to guidelines to maintain constant structure of my childminding practice and implementing any additional requirements as they occur. It is paramount to my childminding practice to continue to perform all of these duties to give parents peace of mind that their child/children are receiving the correct level of care and support to flourish in their own individual learning.To pro mote and maintain high levels of professionalism whilst carrying out my work. To ensure I provide a safe environment for the children at all times.To carry out risk assessments on areas used for childminding within my home and garden area, and also of any places regularly visited and review these on a regular basis. To implement and update policies and procedures keeping in line with Ofsted’s guidance. Prepare and provide healthy balanced meals for children whilst being aware of any child’s individual dietary requirements. To maintain discipline of all children within my care encouraging positive behaviour at all times. To build and maintain good relationships with any people involved with the children’s lives, parents/teachers/social workers etc.I must be aware of any signs and symptoms of potential abuse and the current legislative procedures for reporting it. I need to be taking children in my care to childminding groups and playgroups to allow them interacti on with other children. I must make, maintain and implement plans covering long-term, medium-term and short-term to offer varied activities to stimulate children’s learning in different areas. I am required to make observations of children in my care to allow a picture to build on their learning abilities to assist in my planning of activities and to highlight any areas of difficulty children maybe experiencing to allow help to be sort as required. Mainly responsible for giving children within my care the best possible environment for them to thrive and feel safe whilst away from their carers/parents.1.2 Complete the table below describing how the relevant standards apply to your role Relevant Standards Expectations of your own work role EYFSNational Minimum Standards for Regulated Childcare (Wales)National Occupational StandardsJob DescriptionCommon CoreCode of Conduct

Babylonian Mathematics and the Base 60 System

Babylonian Mathematics and the Base 60 System Babylonian mathematics used a sexagesimal (base 60) system that was so functional it remains in effect, albeit with some tweaks, in the 21st century. Whenever people tell time or make reference to the degrees of a circle, they rely on the base 60 system. Base 10 or Base 60 The system surfaced circa 3100 BCE, according to The New York Times. â€Å"The number of seconds in a minute - and minutes in an hour - comes from the base-60 numeral system of ancient Mesopotamia,† the paper noted. Although the system has stood the test of time, it is not the dominant numeral system used today. Instead, most of the world relies on the base 10 system of Hindu-Arabic origin. The number of factors distinguishes the base 60 system from its base 10 counterpart, which likely developed from people counting on both hands. The former system uses 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 10, 12, 15, 20, 30, and 60 for base 60, while the latter uses 1, 2, 5, and 10 for base 10. The Babylonian mathematics system may not be as popular as it once was, but it has advantages over the base 10 system because the number 60 â€Å"has more divisors than any smaller positive integer,† the Times pointed out. Instead of using times tables, the Babylonians multiplied using a formula that depended on knowing just the squares. With only their table of squares (albeit going up to a monstrous 59 squared), they could compute the product of two integers, a and b, using a formula similar to: ab [(a b)2 - (a - b)2]/4. The Babylonians even knew the formula that’s today known as the Pythagorean theorem. History Babylonian math has roots in the numeric system started by the Sumerians, a culture that began about 4000 BCE in Mesopotamia, or southern Iraq, according to ​USA Today. â€Å"The most commonly accepted theory holds that two earlier peoples merged and formed the Sumerians,† USA Today reported. â€Å"Supposedly, one group based their number system on 5 and the other on 12. When the two groups traded together, they evolved a system based on 60 so both could understand it.† That’s because five multiplied by 12 equals 60. The base 5 system likely originated from ancient peoples using the digits on one hand to count. The base 12 system likely originated from other groups using their thumb as a pointer and counting by using the three parts on four fingers, as three multiplied by four equals 12. The main fault of the Babylonian system was the absence of a zero. But the ancient Maya’s vigesimal (base 20) system had a zero, drawn as a shell. Other numerals were lines and dots, similar to what is used today to tally. Measuring Time Because of their mathematics, the Babylonians and Maya had elaborate and fairly accurate measurements of time and the calendar. Today, with the most advanced technology ever, societies still must make temporal adjustments - almost 25 times per century to the calendar and a few seconds every few years to the atomic clock. There’s nothing inferior about modern math, but Babylonian mathematics may make a useful alternative to children who experience difficulty learning their times tables.

Free Essays on Technology In The Classroom

Technology in the Classroom The best method for improving educational standards is to utilize every tool available, including state-of-the-art technology. The effects of implementing technology in education would be extremely beneficial and crucial in today’s growing technological world. Such effects would include expanding the way information is delivered, providing distance education, and new educational programs. Computers and the Internet have expanded the way in which information can be delivered to the students of today. Today's networking technologies provide a valuable opportunity to practice new learning techniques. In effect, educators are discovering that computers are facilitating learning. Computer based communications, or telecommunications, can offer many educational opportunities; therefore, educators will need to adapt current teaching methods to incorporate this new media into the classroom. Computers have made a fundamental impact in most industries, providing a competitive advantage that has come to be essential to many businesses. Therefore, schools must also use technology to improve the educational process. School systems often consider purchasing a computer network, and justify its purchase by applying it to routine administrative tasks, such as attendance records and grading. While these tasks are very important, they only show a small part of what technology can do for a school. The effects of technology must go further than simply keeping attendance; it must focus on keeping students interested and productive. Since computers and the Internet have expanded in such a way in which education can be delivered to students, it is currently possible to engage in "distance education through the Internet. Distance education involves audio and video links between teachers and students in remote areas. Video conferencing allows groups to communicate with each ot... Free Essays on Technology In The Classroom Free Essays on Technology In The Classroom Technology in the Classroom The best method for improving educational standards is to utilize every tool available, including state-of-the-art technology. The effects of implementing technology in education would be extremely beneficial and crucial in today’s growing technological world. Such effects would include expanding the way information is delivered, providing distance education, and new educational programs. Computers and the Internet have expanded the way in which information can be delivered to the students of today. Today's networking technologies provide a valuable opportunity to practice new learning techniques. In effect, educators are discovering that computers are facilitating learning. Computer based communications, or telecommunications, can offer many educational opportunities; therefore, educators will need to adapt current teaching methods to incorporate this new media into the classroom. Computers have made a fundamental impact in most industries, providing a competitive advantage that has come to be essential to many businesses. Therefore, schools must also use technology to improve the educational process. School systems often consider purchasing a computer network, and justify its purchase by applying it to routine administrative tasks, such as attendance records and grading. While these tasks are very important, they only show a small part of what technology can do for a school. The effects of technology must go further than simply keeping attendance; it must focus on keeping students interested and productive. Since computers and the Internet have expanded in such a way in which education can be delivered to students, it is currently possible to engage in "distance education through the Internet. Distance education involves audio and video links between teachers and students in remote areas. Video conferencing allows groups to communicate with each ot...

Lit short paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Lit short paper - Essay Example He goes on further to say that he loves not only the Supreme but also the infinitely small – the thimble, spurs, plates and flower vases. The Supreme would point to god and that adoration comes naturally to creatures of God (which would include the poem himself). The enumeration of the above objects point to a consideration of their usefulness. The reader is given an inkling next of the poet as being a man who smokes. He starts the stanza by saying â€Å"For heaven’s sake, the planet is beautiful† as though to imply that it goes without saying that the world we live in is not only beautiful but filled with things like â€Å"smoking pipes cupped in the hand† which are sources of enjoyment for men (and also for women). This rather long stanza goes on to mention other things not only useful to man but handmade by man – keys, salt cellars. This is followed by a description of the intricacies that make up the things stated – the curve of the shoe, the weave, the smokiness of chairs. He does not stop here. He continues enumerating other things that man needs to make life easy and clean and comfortable – spectacles, nail, brooms, clocks, compasses and coins. In the next stanza which is shorter, he marvels at the multitude of pure things has made of wool, wood, glass, rope, tables, ships and stairs. Then the poet waxes sentimental when he remembers feathers, love’s blossoms vanished – glasses, knives, scissors that bear â€Å"finger marks of a distant hand†. It seems that the poet associates these things within easy reach with someone else’s hand – probable that of the loved one who is no longer around. He writes of them as â€Å"lost in the most forgotten oblivion†. How strange that he banishes them to oblivion and yet remembers them. Is he applying reverse psychology here? Sadly, he looks for objects he loves but does not own in houses, streets, elevators

Research and Analysis of Business Problems Essay - 2

Research and Analysis of Business Problems - Essay Example , the superficial view is quite deceptive as the company is facing challenges in the forms of union problems, huge debts and environmental ripples like price rise, etc. In this report I have presented an overview of the problems and tried to evaluate and analyze them. The prime problem at Ford is its debt. Concerned about the financials of the company, the management has decided to reduce the existing workforce in order to reduce the annual payroll budget and thus achieve some financial relief. This in turn has triggered employee unrest and has troubled the management-union relationship at Ford. It has been suggested that the company should take to brainstorming sessions through joint management councils to sort out problems and adopt a collaborative approach to find the solutions. Collective bargaining should be patronized to appease the employees and white collar compensation should be reduced to gain their confidence. The company should divest and at the same time protect employee rights through regulatory contracts. Ford Motor Company (Ford), headquartered in Dearborn, Michigan, is a global leader in the automotive industry. The company has manufacturing facilities and distribution network spread over six continents. Globally it has 90 plants a workforce of more than 200000 employees (Ford Motor Company-a, n.d., â€Å"Ford Global†). Currently the company follows General Motors (GM) and stands at second position in terms of sales volume (Freep-a, 2010, â€Å"January Auto Sales†). The corporate goal of Ford, as reflected through its mission statement, is "to become the worlds leading Consumer Company for automotive products and services" (Samples-Help, 2006, â€Å"Ford Motor Company Mission Statement†). Ford has also encapsulated its organizational plans and goals in the form of â€Å"One Ford Mission† (Ford-a, n.d., â€Å"One Ford†). According to this composite statement, Ford wants to work as a goal oriented team which strives to attain automotive leadership

Research methodology Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Research methodology - Essay Example It will be argued in the following that this is the guiding thread for his critique of religion. His critique of religion, it will be argued is a critique of metaphysics. His aim in the critique is to refute the idea that history is marked by spiritual progress, and in turn, replace this with a progress defined by a 'class struggle', and in particular, the material relations surrounding the means of production. Thus, the relationship between his critique of religion and his political economy, is the replacement of spiritual progress with that of the class struggle. Concerning the issue of research methodology, the following analysis will pay careful attention to what is employed by Marx. His approach on this issue, includes textual interpretation. That is, he provides analysis of key texts like the philosopher, Georg Hegel. Second, his methodology in the following is historical interpretation. In particular, he focuses on economic history but also social history. â€Å"The German Id eology† is his most decisive criticism of religion. ... Thus, the reformation can be regarded as a change of consciousness that emancipates the individual consciousness from the determination of the consciousness by the church. In turn, this change of consciousness or of thinking, helps to shape and change history itself. By contrast, Marx outlines the material conditions which determine the social relations manifest in any given culture, and further, these material conditions are the cause of forms of consciousness. Consciousness in this sense, includes also the various forms of belief systems which religion consists of. He describes the ‘priority’ of material conditions against consciousness as a determinant for human behavior and of politics, therefore, in the following: â€Å"Men distinguish themselves by consciousness, by religion or anything else you like . . . they . . . distinguish themselves from animals as soon as they begin to produce their means of subsistence . . . by producing their means of subsistence men are indirectly producing their actual material life† [Marx, 1997: 341]. Marx's critique of Hegel is central to his critique of religion. It will therefore require some analysis to demonstrate Marx's 'materialistic' interpretation of history over and against Hegel's spiritual reading of history. Marx views Hegel's philosophy, along with religion, as essentially a â€Å"mystical† position [Marx, 1970, p. 27]. By ‘mystical’, it is implied in terms of an argument which is beyond the bounds of reason, and by ‘reason’, it is implied in the material or physical sense of the term. Or, it is implied in terms of something which can be verified empirically or through sense experience. In other words, and in keeping with what was said above, it can be said that the person which Hegel is describing is

The Conflict Between the Arguments for Determinism and Free

The Conflict Between the Arguments for Determinism and Freedom Essay 1. Discuss the conflict between the arguments for determinism and freedom. Everyone in this world has asked this very old question: Are we humans really free in our willing and choosing, or are we predetermined to be and to do what antecedent â€Å"programmingâ€Å" dictates? We feel great for the things we go correct but we feel guilty and blame ourselves for bad decisions. How can we be sure the existence of freedom exists and not that its just a plain illusion. We also find ourselves in a dilemma we have to sides we have the feeling of being free and on the other side we have a feeling of being etermined to accomplish something. In reality we come to the real human dilemma we are both determined and free; and somehow work around the contradictions until we achieve a viable understanding on how both can be true. We as humans operate on the assumption that human beings can be morally and legally responsible -if our assumption of freedom is false, then life as we live it is a cruel joke founded upon a tragic illusion. We are not what we think we are; life is not what we think it is; the rules of the game are not what we thought. Skinner’s way of thinking, â€Å"freedom is a myth, and a dangerous yth because we have invested the myth and its symbol (â€Å"freedom†) with something close to sacred qualities. Freedom is an emotion that is a conditioned response, conditioned (cause) response. If we can’t explain human choice by cause and effect, then there is no answer. There is no other way to explain human choice. No explanation for what freedom means . By selecting specific causes and (stimuli), desire effects (responses) will result. Sartre is convinced that there is no determinism of any kind . Nothing tells me what to do, I decide; I myself decide, I cannot blame God, or others or y past environment , I am now what I make myself to be, I have to accept the consequences of my own freedom, take the responsibility for my decisions, and face the consequences thereof. Environment influences my freedom. Confuse my freedom with uperconditioning. Sartre claimed that man is condemned to be free. A person is the center of freedom. We exist in a world without guidelines. Nothing = no meaning. We live in two realities objective which is real and the subjective not real. Its choose what I want to be and become- so human meaning is nothing. Meaningful things in life would be: ultural norms, what u was brought out to be, and social norms. But to live means to dream a million dreams and forge ahead to catch the fullness of our being. There is nothing to help us, because the moment we became conscious of what we are, then we became responsible for everything we are and do. Freewill: the human consciousness is not subject to the same casual principles that the scientists assumes to operate in the rest of the physical world. A human is free, absolutely and unconditionally free; â€Å"there is no determinism-man is free, man is freedom†. Sartre: human life is inescapably tragic. Live life without myth: means for an explanation for life, getting through life with the human condition and living with that. This can have self cons to make yourself feel better. Sartre wants us to be accountable for our doings, what we do is our responsibility, we assume the consequences for our doings. He doesn’t want us to loose our freedom. Self deception becomes the center of consciousness that becomes and ties with the egocentric predicament. We have to be authentic in our minds choice becomes ours, our actions our own, and the consequences ours. We see how freedom becomes more of a choice, eterminism as the definition defines it: the assumption or doctrine that every event in the universe has a prior cause and that all effects are at least theoretically predictable in all the causes are known; becomes conflicting with freedom, because freedom as I mentioned is more of a choice, because every choice we make comes with a consequence. Its not predictable as determinisms explains. 3. Discuss Toynbee’s â€Å"organismic interpretation† of history. How is it different from that of Marx and Hegel ?  Arnold Toynbee’s Study of History was a research program where he discovered he meaning of history and of the western civilization. In his study he discovered patterns. Consistent, clear patterns of birth, growth, maturity, decline, disintegration, and death for each and every civilization in the world. To him the patterns were unmistakable, and he tried to study the movements of civilizations without prior doctrinal commitment. He believed that the patterns he was were real, not subjective. He gave labels to the stages of development; a â€Å"primitive society†, â€Å" creative minority†, and the â€Å"dominant minority†. Toynbee’s philosophy of history runs something like this: individuals experience a state f peace and contentment, then disillusionment and suffering, after that comes salvaging of values, then again a period of contentment and peace and the cycle repeats itself again. What Toynbee was saying in general was that people don’t get down to the business of assessing life’s values until their loss compels them to do so. In other words individuals learn by suffering, and only by suffering. But they learn and thereby alter the pattern of their civilization. Friedrich Hegel’s and Karl Marx way of thinking is way different that Toynbee’s history view. Friedrich Hegel stated that the thought process moves in a three beat rhythm that he called the â€Å"dialectic†. It begins with an idea, thesis, then proceeds to develop into its opposite, the anti-thesis; after that the mind sees the relatedness of the thesis and the antithesis and weaves them together into a synthesis. This synthesis, in turn, become another thesis, and so the dialectic repeats itself. The dialectic effects comprehension of the connections of the content of thought. Hegel was quite sure that that was the way Gods mind works. He said that God is pure thought or in his own words the Absolute Mind. He is no love or compassion, just pure thought. The Absolute Mind of God manifests reason through the human mind and therefore in human history. He mentioned that whenever people think and act more rationally, they are actualizing God’s will, and this progressive manifestation of logic is the theological purpose underlying human history. Human kind is a crucial part of the program, that man was becoming more reasonable. All of this would end in a state that Hegel described as â€Å"pure thought thinking about pure thought† or in other worlds Absolute mind contemplating itself. Karl Marx as one of Hegel’s students but as other students found the whole Absolute Mind thing was just dispassionate. He believed in Hegel’s â€Å"dialectic† and he believed it was real. But Marx saw it more as a â€Å"materialistic dialectic† an in his vision is was a dialectic of social struggle determined by man’s economic needs. Class struggle creates the three-beat rhythm. Marx interpretation is contrast to Hegel’s theistic dialectic. All Marxists know that history has purpose; it follows â€Å"inexorable law† toward a goal-the classless society where equality, justice, and plenty will prevail. Each individual is a part of history’s drama.

Computers in the Mathematics Classroom :: Math Technology Education

?Calculators and computers are reshaping the mathematical landscape, and school mathematics should reflect those changes? (NCTM 24). My view of mathematics and geometry is that they go hand in hand. You have to know some algebraic procedures in order to be able to perform geometry problems. I never enjoyed Geometry in high school but now that I see it in a different prospective using GSP I really understand and enjoy it. I think that Geometry should be taught with software so the students can work with it hand in hand with the teacher and other students. Looking from the teacher prospective it would be easier to describe various concepts. To learn geometry means to know how to perform geometric problems and understand the process. I also think that a person should know various ways to perform geometry including the use of a calculator and Geometry Sketch Pad. One expectation of Geometry according the NCTM Standards is to ?draw and construct representations of twoand three-dimensional geometric objects using a variety of tools? (308). By using GSP the process is easier to follow 2 then just using a pencil and paper approach. Now don?t get me wrong using pencil and paper to draw various geometry objects is ways to have the student learn express relational understanding. Geometry Sketch Pad gives the user the option of reversing the steps to see were you started which could help to remember the process which is even more of a relational understanding. The user can also save his or her work for the future and the teacher is also able to see what the student?s train of thought. We need to use Dynamic Geometry Software in our teaching and learning so we can see and play with problems presented. By teaching with the use of Geometry Sketch Pad the teacher has the capabilities to teach outside of the book. It causes students to learn in a more relational way as apposed to instrumental (How Should Mathematics Be Taught?). By learning with the use of Geometry Sketch Pad a person is able to save their work for later reflections and they are able to learn a process. The capabilities of GSP are vast. The teacher and the learner both can benefit significantly through the use of GSP. I only foresee a little difference between the use of Dynamic Geometry Software in High school and in middle 3 school. I think at the high school level is where teachers

Emotional Hinderance :: essays research papers

Emotional Hinderance   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã¢â‚¬Å"You must put your emotions into your work† is a phrase often heard in life. It proposes that emotions, which are often ignored, are a key to success. This holds true in many regards, however there are times when emotion should be restricted in swaying one’s thoughts. The pursuit of knowledge is to be completely objective. Thus, although emotional intelligence is necessary, it is more of a hindrance than a help, and should be controlled.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Since knowledge is justified true belief, it follows that the justification must be logical and true in itself. It must also be accurate, but broad. Emotional intelligence goes against this by treating subjective feelings as fact. Because the chain of logic is only as strong as its weakest link, knowledge built strongly with emotional intelligence can often turn out to be incorrect. Take, for example, an individual studying the disposition of dogs. If this individual had a traumatic childhood experience involving a dog (an attack, for example), this snippet of emotion will always taint the individual’s research, even if the circumstances are unrelated (the childhood dog may have been rabid).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Emotional intelligence is very important, however, in living life. That is why we evolved it. Revisiting the aforementioned dog and disregarding rabies, it is possible that there is something about this individual that entices hostility in canines. Although this says nothing about dogs, the childhood experience conditions the individual to avoid dogs in the future. This gives the person a greater chance of living longer, and procreating, the innate goal of man. Emotional intelligence is very important, however it is primarily for survival in everyday life. The pursuit of knowledge, however, is not an everyday event required for survival. It is part of a deep thinking about life, reserved for philosophers.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  There is no question that emotional intelligence is required in the pursuit of knowledge. Without any emotional attachment, there would be no pursuit of knowledge, in the first place. Some may argue that emotional intelligence helps to guide us in the pursuit of knowledge. This notion is not logical in that it is subjective, itself. How are we to know whether or not we are being guided correctly? As illustrated earlier, just because something â€Å"feels† correct does not mean that it is.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Things that can be discovered through emotional intelligence can also be found objectively. Using emotional intelligence, one can infer that sugar is good for the human body because it gives the consumer pleasure.

External and Internal Environmental Analysis Essay

External and internal environmental analysis is a critical component for an organization seeking to achieve its goals. The follow information within this paper presents a complete external environmental and an internal competitive environmental scan for JetBlue Airways. The information provided identifies and analyzes the most important external environmental factor in the remote, industry, and external operating environments. When addressing external environment it speaks to a set of forces and conditions outside the organization that can influence its performance. The most common forces include political, economic, social, technological, environmental, and legal (or PESTEL). The paper will further identify and analyze the key internal strengths and weaknesses of JetBlue Airways. When addressing the internal environment it speaks to the key factors and forces within the organization affecting its operation. The internal strength and weaknesses will cover an assessment of the JetBlue Airway’s resources, their competitive position and possibilities within. Lastly the following will analyze the structure of JetBlue and how this affects organizational performance. External Environmental Factors For JetBlue external environmental factors cover political, economic, social, technological, environmental, and legal. The most important external environmental factors in the remote, industry, and external operating environment of JetBlue can be expanded through opportunities and threats. Opportunities encompass expansion, such as increasing routes and destinations within the U.S. Global expansion falls within expansion as well, while JetBlue has many successful partnerships with international airlines there is further potential abroad. Threats include fuel costs, advanced technology, and government relations. Fuel costs and advanced technology are almost synonymous. The increasing price of fuel in turn  increases operational costs. Advanced technology is a key factor in this space as well given new planes for example, have the technology to utilize less fuel in flight. Governmental regulations and legalities are another key threat for JetBlue. Airline regulations can increase expenses and potentially create inefficiency in operations in order to meet regulation requirements. Additionally, restrictions related to international trade, tax policy, and competition can thwart expansion efforts. Internal Strengths and Weaknesses JetBlue is a pro at utilizing its resources and structure. As such, JetBlue has proven to be efficient in its internal environment. Out of the physical and human aspects of the internal environment JetBlue focuses on human as the key factor. JetBlue views its employees and their skills as the key to a successful structure by emphasizing elements of loyalty, satisfaction, service quality, productivity, capability, and output quality. JetBlue reflects a culture of employees that understand how to retain customers and can perform under various situations with an equally varied consumer base. In addition to human capital, JetBlue uses physical assets to set them apart from the rest. The airline fleet of JetBlue is very precisely selected. From its new Airbus A321 to its Airbus 320, JetBlue prides itself on comfort and luxury. Other perks offered by JetBlue include lower priced airfare compared to that of its competitors and in-flight entertainment options that succeed its competition. Internal weaknesses include a smaller base of destinations compared to its competitors, which could be viewed as a product of their smaller planes and perhaps weaker brand recognition given its newness in the airline market. The weakness can be strengthened with expanding their location/market base. Competitive Position Major players in the U.S. airline industry include Delta Air Lines, United Continental, American Airlines, Southwest Airlines, and JetBlue Airways. In 2013 many consolidations reduced the number of top players, such as U.S. Airways with American West, Northwest with Delta, United with Continental, AirTrans with Southwest, and American with U.S. Airways. Those carries, including JetBlue and Alaska, account for more than 90% of the U.S. market share (Cederholm, 2013). With the number of competitors in times of low or  moderate industry growth, the competition increases as each one tries to woo the consumer base. JetBlue is still the new kid so it is hard to say if its resources are inimitable. JetBlue’s low cost operations are interrelated to other activities in the organization like human resource management and technology development. If JetBlue were to reinforce competencies, with its efficient low-cost operations, it can find a sustainable competitive advantage making it a non-imitable organization. JetBlue’s competitive advantage is built off of differentiation and cost leadership. Differentiation comes with a strong brand image. JetBlue provides this image through its customer service and various in-flight features such as increased legroom and entertainment options per seat. JetBlue achieves cost leadership through efficient operations. JetBlue’s new planes minimize fuel costs and increases revenue per flight. Not offering in flight meals allows for quick turnarounds and overall reduced costs. The differentiation strategy and its features do risk ease of imitation or differentiate ones brand past the point of consumer support. If JetBlue continues to employ a combination of these strategies it will have an increased approach in outperforming its rivals. Superior performance will come through combined low-cost services with a differentiated offering as JetBlue does. As JetBlue moves onward, the extent to which it can maintain the integration of low-cost and differentiation will determine whether its competitive advantage is sustainable. Structure The structure of JetBlue is likely very simple compared to its counterparts. The highest of quality in customer service, one style of plane, a focus on environment, all this reflects its culture. With the human aspect being their highest priority they put a lot of thought into how they hire, train, set expectations, and monitor their employee base. JetBlue trains employees, provides compensation (likely more giving than the competitors), and equally provides empowerment among its employee base. JetBlue Airways seeks to hire and train great people (human focus), develop purpose, vision, and values. JetBlue operates on a strong organizational culture, where one listens to its customers and employees, cultivates leadership, and provided incentive. Summary The airline industry is exposed to upturns and downturns with economy trends. With that a growing economy creates a greater demand for air travel, whereas a decrease in the economy means reduced demand and intensified competition. JetBlue has managed to maintain a quality brand as a newer airline, in the face of some significant challenges, such as the tragedy of 9/11. JetBlue Airways new planes, competitively low fares, non-unionized labor, thus far an effective business model, and strong emphasis on the human element, it remains to provide a foothold in them market as a solid competitor regardless of its external threats and internal weaknesses. References Cederholm, T. (2013, September 3). Overview: External factors that influence the airline industry. Retrieved May 31, 2015, from http://marketrealist.com/2014/09/must-know-external-factors-influencing-airline-industry/ JetBlue | Airline Tickets, Flights, and Airfare. (n.d.). Retrieved May 25, 2015, from http://www.jetblue.com

Thorntons Plc Essay Example

Thorntons Plc Essay Example Thorntons Plc Paper Thorntons Plc Paper Thorntons PLC is the UKs largest manufacturer and retailer of specialist chocolates. The company had followed a strategy of in-house manufacture and retailing largely through the companys own shops and to a lesser extent through franchising. This case also describes the companys attempts at Diversification into the US and European markets. Thorntons outline four strategic priorities1 for the business: Driving like-for-like sales and margins Refocusing and reducing strategic initiatives Creating efficient organizational processes Increasing measurability and incentives These priorities were designed to achieve two objectives. Firstly, to stabilize companys performance by delivering positive like-for-like sales and returning to profit growth. Secondly, to put in place the organizational infrastructure provides a firm and robust platform for future growth. PESTLE Analysis Economic High rate of Interest in French economy and devaluation of sterling made huge loses. Downturn of profits due to seasonal demand only on some special events. Social Seasonal events like Christmas, Valentines Day, Mothers Day, and New Year accounted for a further 25 per cent of sales. Technological Installation of EPOS (Electronic-point-of-sale) tills in the shops. E-commerce/mail orders systems New tills system. Environmental Due to Hot weather conditions, the demand of chocolate goes down. Thorntons began to develop sales outside the UK and company decided the US market could offer the best vehicle for expansion. Thorntons believed that there was scope in the UK for further expansion and also the venture into US showing little prospects of profit. But these prospects of Thorntons unfortunately closed. There was an attempt by Thorntons to enter the European market which proved losses for the company. In French market, customer needs, tastes and preferences are different from UK needs, tastes and preferences. There was a market differences between these two countries. The sales and tastes were divided by Thorntons in two: First, UK sales are divided as 80 per cent chocolate and 17 per cent toffee. Second, the French market divided equally between chocolate (with the French consumer preferring bitter chocolate)2, Ice-cream and sugared confectionery. But this divergence of taste brought Thorntons into loses as caused by high French interest rates, downturn in the French economy and the deflation of sterling. Thorntons has divided their sales into UK and French and differences in tastes and preferences. They adopted a short term strategy which indicates less economies of scale as in components of Thorntons. Thorntons suffering loses due to various negative factors such as- Seasonal demand and low production of chocolates. As Thorntons has 1 per cent of daily confectionery market and 6 per cent of confectionery gift market3. So the sales are depends on seasonal events. Difficult to maintain standards in franchisees as customers feel uneasy while shopping for chocolates. Hot weather leading to loses for Thorntons. Differences in working culture makes hard for the company to operate. Thorntons primarily compete in the boxed chocolate market where their continental brand has a 6 per cent share and other players such as Cadburys roses; the leading brand has 15 per cent4. As a retailer dedicated to specialist confectionery, the company has no super markets such as ASDA, Sainsbury, and M S to whom Thorntons is a supplier. Product quality is based on unique product recipes and the use of high quality material (the companys truffle curtains Moet ET Chandon!)5. The chocolate industry is n maturity stage of the life cycle. Within this view Thorntons in-house manufacturing and retailing strategy appears to have a number of benefits in meeting competitive forces. However, Competitive rivalry is not very high because Thorntons main product is made up of hand-finished which distinguish it from its competitors. Thorntons is the largest UK manufacturer of premium chocolate, a product that involves chocolate enrobing rather than the moulding process required by more mass market chocolates. Where the costs were comparatively higher, they often included discretionary aspects that resulted in enhanced product characteristics for those where there was no concern for the retention of knowledge. Competitors can sell chocolates not only in retails and franchisees but also on E-commerce/mail order and Internet. Thorntons shops are developed to achieve Differentiation. Product quality is based on unique product recipes and the use of high quality material. Overall, the threat of entrants is not high but moderate as production cost is high and also Entrants needs experience. Consumers rather than buying solid or boxed chocolates there are many other substitutes available in the chocolate market such as, Cadbury drinking chocolate, Rice milk, Juices, Cakes, Ice creams, bar chocolates. The Threats of substitutes is very high as varieties of substitutes are available in the market. There is a concentration of buyers particularly the volume purchases from the buyers are low. Mostly the purchases is depends upon seasonal events i.e. Christmas, Valentines Day, Easter. Thorntons has large number of suppliers6 such as M S, ASDA and other supermarket stores where Thorntons supply chocolates. Thorntons continually develops the manufacturing aspects of the business, people are often surprised by the amount of hand-finishing involved in the manufacture of Thorntons products. There is not a big threat of backward integration by the buyer. Thorntons supply the best tasting chocolate and confectionery at cheap prices. Thorntons was able to make use of competitive supply market. The company was faced with numerous potential suppliers. Thorntons was reluctant to enter situations where suppliers might achieve power in the relationship or where the leakage of what was regarded as core product knowledge could occur. That is why Thorntons has 70 per cent7 in-house manufacturing and in the area of liquid chocolate, the company was able to follow a buying-in strategy due to the availability of a number of suppliers. Therefore, the power of suppliers is negative. Though Thorntons strategy of vertical integration provides a number of differentiating characteristics, but at the same time avoiding the consequences of market power and value appropriates in product and supply market. Overall, the companys in-house strategy is consistent with the competitive technology and supply context in which the company operates. The specific nature of the manufacturing technology greatly reduces the opportunity for outsourcing from a competitive supply market. The supply alternative is essential to purchase product from other manufacturing companies, a strategy that would erode differentiation.

jbr Essays

jbr Essays jbr Essay jbr Essay Jbr Q1. Advancement in technology and science is perceived to be a progressive endeavor to the humans as it has been consistently growing over the years with the growth and advancement of the human society gaining momentum and growing at a faster rate with every period as perceived using the sigmoid curve. This is indeed true as the ‘s’ curve depicts the path followed by the process of technological advancement indicating the slow pace at which it begun where new discoveries were made in science, either accidental, experimental or through research, and the acceleration in the progress made by the advancement in science and technology over the years. In the initial industrialization stage, the first society to go against mechanization was the Luddites who were against mechanization in textile fields. They would protest and went to the extent of destroying the mechanized looms that replaced the workers in the industries creating joblessness and a lack of income, leading to a change in their way of life. The Neo-Luddites are the modern version of the Luddites. They do not fully oppose technology but insist on the controlled introduction of technology and the importance of understanding the technology before introduction to ensure it does not bring about negative results on humanity. The fears of the anti-technologists are rational as technology if not controlled can lead to joblessness of humans hence changing the social setting of humanity. Sinister technology if not checked can lead to harm especially in times of misunderstanding or war hence technological advancement should be regulated to prevent it harming human existence or r endering them purposeless.

Pacific Oil Company

Pacific Oil Company Back in the days, petrochemical processes were determined by a detailed elaboration of prices known as formula prices, it comprised of several element. The first one being feed stock characteristics; feedstock supply varied in chemical composition.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Pacific Oil Company specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The difference in the feedstock considerably affected the procedures of refining and operating efficiency. A few chemical products were drawn from a chosen feedstock. Increased number of orders necessitated the mixing of combined feedstock together with distinct structural characteristic. Fuel cost was inclusive of price and quantity of energy that the manufacturing corporation expected in cracking, producing a particular steam and refining. Labor cost was part of employees’ salary, to operate the manufacturing with the objective of generating a fixed unit amount of a particular pro duct. Value of petrochemical was determined by the commodity cost, as the demand and supply fluctuated in the market; this factor was again featured in the formula price. The computation of the price formula, as opposed to determining a market price had a list of advantages and disadvantages. It permitted the supplier to surpass expenses charged to buyer; this minimized the risks for the engaged parties, in the case of express fluctuation of prices throughout the period of the contract. When market demands went down, contract guaranteed a wide market to the supplier; however, the price for the product was to some extent unbeneficial in comparison to product cost. When it came to quantity, formula prices were typically computed, their major focus was given to quantity. Costs changed significantly, this was however dependent upon the efficiency of the production taking place. Payments were to be issued in dollars without deduction or discount, except only if noted.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Some of the challenges pacific oil faced in early 1985 with Reliant chemical company were quite a number. Pipelines routine inspection had been subcontracted to a company with quality equipment for monitoring things like leaks. It happened that leaks had been detected in late December prior the year; this extended the effect to early 1985. The executive of the company were out of reach for many days hence the problem could not be solved immediately until a certain period of time. There was a concern with the system of delivery, and the way meter reading was being conducted. Pacific oil built a line and was in charge of maintenance, installation of meters was done towards the outlet of the pipeline, and Reliant was giving metered total to Pacific. According to Zinnser some spot checking at the manufacturing facility indicated that they were not getting all that they were billed for. They later discovered that, the integrity of the meter or the meter reader wasn’t question but, felt that since the pipes had been in existent for years, there was a possibility they had develop leaks. The executive vice president became distressed over the turnout of events. Pacific headed for tremendous destruction. Realizing the techniques of challenging it would be to maintain strong negotiations, a review of the negotiations were done were done on Reliant contract. They also experienced delay when Hauptmann lost his mother; meetings were rescheduled as a result hence, there was a delay. The investigation of pipeline gave no evidence of a considerable discharge. It only traced minor leaks, which did not seem serious. It was impossible to identify the percentage of the product lost in the process. Emotion in negotiation is one of the styles used in the case. Emotions carries the capacity to contribute either positively or negatively in negoti ation.contribute either positive or negative in a negotiation scenario. According to Fisher, and Shapiro (2005) negative emotion at times leads to intense or irrational behavior, resulting to escalation of conflict.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Pacific Oil Company specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This is evident in the conversation that takes place between Kelsey and Fontaine as emotions flare an in turn leads to unhealthy and even unnecessary confrontation.Distributive negotiation is another style used; the term distributive basically means giving; or scattering things. Fisher, and Shapiro (2005) further states that there is a limitation in things being distributed; it entails individuals who have never before had an interactive relationship. And there isn’t a likelihood of doing so in the future. In this form we see each individual fighting to have their way; it is appropriate but, requires an extent of limit in order not to regard the other side as an enemy but a partner. According to Shell, R.G. (2006) integrative negotiation means joining several parts and making the whole, this implies some cooperation or teaming up to achieve a common goal. More often than not, trust is of a higher degree in shaping of the relationship. Both parties walking away feeling a sense of achievement, ideally the process has two phases. The process entails value concession, plus creative problem solving. This is the style that is mainly used by Guadin, Hauptmann, and Zinnser in their negotiations. Instead of Kelsey allowing emotions to flare, what he could have recommended to Fontaine were few and simple facts. The reality being that, a supply contract binds legally, it’s a document that only attempts to elaborate on strategies or ways the two companies can work together, and hence it is the foundation of an intricate long term relationship that exists between a seller and a buyer. He could hav e informed of the constant monitoring, discussion and evaluation required by representatives of the organizations.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More He could have further recommended that it is possible for the purchaser to meet the conditions of the negotiated contract. This is can be made possible since the purchaser can accept a fair price formula, without attempting to push the supplier to an artificial low price. He is trustworthy pursue an action plan, basing it on sound business ethics as agreed in the contract. The purchaser cannot take advantage of aberrations in the spot market, they will have no choice but accept the reality of a formula price having been negotiated, and both parties agreeing to live up to the negotiated contract over the suggested period of time. Problems encountered in product quality, labor difficulties can result to challenges in manufacturing, unloading and loading, shipping and cleanliness of shipping tools. This can however be explored to mutual satisfaction. Furthermore, change in business projection of both parties can be shared hence; the complexity anticipated by the supplier in producing t he products can be solved. On the other hand the difficulty encountered by buyer in consumption of the product can also lead to amicable solution for both parties. Finally, the ability to solve these problems necessitates mutual trust, open communication and honesty. And most importantly an approach that offers the best solution to both the parties. References Fisher,R. and Shapiro, D (2005) Beyond Reason: Using Emotions as You Negotiate.New York: Penguin Books. Shell, R.G. (2006). Bargaining for advantage. New York: Penguin Books.